Records that survive
These are the Columbia County record books the Georgia Archives has scanned and put online free in its Virtual Vault, grouped into series with the earliest and latest years. They're a selection: the archives' full index (linked below) lists every county record it has on microfilm.
Marriages, births and deaths
- Marriage Book1806–1912
Deeds and land
- Land Grants1785–1790
- Deed and Mortgage Book1791–1818
- Deed Book1802–1816
- 1805 and1805–1807
- Deeds and Mortgages Book1815–1860
- Partial List of Those Eligible to Draw in1821
Wills and estates
- Letters of Administration1788–1798
- Inventories1790–1822
- Letters of Administration Book1799–1851
- Guardians' Bonds1821–1851
- Inventories and Appraisements Book1821–1850
- Administrators' Bonds1824–1851
- Letters of Guardianship Book1828–1912
- Inventories and Appraisements and Sales Book1850–1881
- Will Book1852–1930
- Letters of Dismission from Administration1855–1937
Records of free Black and enslaved people
- Affidavits of Enslavers Bringing Enslaved Persons into the State1818–1835
- Free Persons of Color Register1819–1836
Court records
- Superior Court Minutes1792–1812
- Inferior Court Minutes1794–1896
- Inferior Court Minutes Book1806–1821
Other records
- Distributions1809–1827
- List of Those Entitled to Draw in1832
- Sales Book1852–1915
- Voters' Lists1909–1912
Open the Georgia Archives' index of this county's microfilm
Source: Georgia Archives Virtual Vault (Marriage Records from Microfilm, and County Records from Microfilm). The microfilm index is a set of scanned catalog cards. Georgia's statewide registration of births and deaths began in 1919.
Where to find the records
- Columbia County official website
Hours, addresses and phone numbers for the probate court and the clerk of superior court, and any online record search the county offers.
- The probate court
Wills, estates, guardianships and marriage licenses. Until the 1970s it was called the Court of Ordinary, and older books carry that name.
- The clerk of superior court
Deeds and other land records, and civil and criminal court cases.
- The Georgia Archives
In Morrow, near Atlanta: microfilm of county records from before 1900, colonial and headright land records, the land lottery records, Confederate pension applications and tax digests.
- Georgia Archives: index to Columbia County records on microfilmfree
Scanned catalog cards listing the record books the archives has on microfilm for this county.
- Georgia Archives Virtual Vaultfree
Scanned marriage books, county records, colonial wills, Confederate pension applications and death certificates, searchable by name and county.
- FamilySearch Catalogfree
Search by place for "Georgia, Columbia" to find filmed and digitized records, many viewable free online with a FamilySearch account.
Offices change their hours and access rules; call before you visit.
Boundaries and parent counties
Formed from: Richmond County, Burke County
Check the parent counties for earlier records: Richmond County, Burke County
Later formed partly from Columbia County: McDuffie County, Warren County
Records stay with the county that created them. If your ancestor lived here before 1790, search the parent county. The Atlas of Historical County Boundaries shows each boundary change.
Research tip
Georgia gave away much of its land by lottery between 1805 and 1833, so if your ancestor was in Georgia then, look for their name in the land lottery lists as well as the county's deed books. Tax digests, which survive for many counties from the 1790s on, place a person in a county year by year.